望梅止渴
成語名字：望梅止渴
成語發(fā)音：wàng méi zhǐ kě
成語解釋：想吃梅子；流出口水；就不渴了。比喻愿望無法實現(xiàn)；用空想安慰自己。
成語出處：南朝 宋 劉義慶《世說新語 假譎》：“魏武行役失汲道，軍皆渴，乃令曰：‘前有大梅林，饒子，甘酸可以解渴。’士卒聞之，口皆出水，乘此得及前源?！?/p>
成語繁體：朢楳止渴
常用程度：常用成語
感情色彩：中性成語
成語用法：連動式；作謂語、賓語、定語；含貶義
成語結構：連動式成語
產生年代：古代成語
近義詞： 畫餅充饑
反義詞： 名副其實
成語例句：鸞拆書看了，雖然不曾定個來期，也當畫餅充饑，望梅止渴。（明 馮夢龍《警世通言》卷三十四）
望梅止渴的成語接龍
大喜過望 -> 望梅止渴 -> 渴塵萬斛
望梅止渴的成語故事
有一年夏天，曹操率領部隊去討伐張繡，天氣熱得出奇，驕陽似火，天上一絲云彩也沒有，部隊在彎彎曲曲的山道上行走，兩邊密密的樹木和被陽光曬得滾燙的山石，讓人透不過氣來。到了中午時分，士兵的衣服都濕透了，行軍的速度也慢下來，有幾個體弱的士兵竟暈倒在路邊。
曹操看行軍的速度越來越慢，擔心貽誤戰(zhàn)機，心里很是著急?？墒?，眼下幾萬人馬連水都喝不上，又怎么能加快速度呢？他立刻叫來向導，悄悄問他：“這附近可有水源？”向導搖搖頭說：“泉水在山谷的那一邊，要繞道過去還有很遠的路程。”曹操想了一下說，“不行，時間來不及。”他看了看前邊的樹林，沉思了一會兒，對向導說：“你什么也別說，我來想辦法。”他知道此刻即使下命令要求部隊加快速度也無濟于事。腦筋一轉，辦法來了，他一夾馬肚子，快速趕到隊伍前面，用馬鞭指著前方說：“士兵們，我知道前面有一大片梅林，那里的梅子又大又好吃，我們快點趕路，繞過這個山丘就到梅林了！”士兵們一聽，仿佛已經(jīng)吃到嘴里，精神大振，步伐不由得加快了許多。
故事出自《世說新語·假譎》。成語“望梅止渴”，比喻用空想安慰自己或他人。
quenching thirst by watching plums
cao cao of the three kingdoms period ( 0- 65) was not only a capable politician in managing state affairs, but also a strategist good at leading troops in going to war.
one summer, cao cao was leading his troops in a punitive expedition against zhang xiu. it was extraordinarily hot. the burning sun was like a fire, and the sky was cloudless. the soldiers were walking on the winding mountain paths. the dense forest and the hot rocks exposed to the sun on both sides of the paths made the soldiers feel suffocated. by noontime the soldiers' clothes were wet through with sweat, and the marching speed slowed down. some solders of weak physique even fainted on the roadside.
seeing that the marching speed was slower and slower, cao cao was very worried because he feared that he might bungle the chance of winning the battle. but how could they quicken their speed? cao cao at once callde the guide and asked him on the quiet whether there was a source of water nearby. the guide shook his head, saying that the spring water was on the other side of the mountain, which was very far to have to make a detour to reach. cao cao realized that time didn't permit them to make such a detour. after thinking for a moment, he said to the guide, "keep quiet. i'll find a way out." he knew that it would be to no avail to order his troops to quicken the steps. he had a brain wave and found a good solution. he spurred his horse and came to the head of the column. pointing his horsewhip to the front, cao cao said, "soldiers, i know there is a big forest of plums ahead. the plums there are both big and delicious. let's hurry along, and we will reach the forest of plums after bypassing this hill." when the solders heard this, they immediately slobbered. picturing in their minds the sweet and sour flavour of the plums, the soldiers felt as if they were actually eating the plums, the soldiers felt as if they were actually eating the plums themselves. the morale greatly boosted, the soldiers quickened their steps a great deal automatically.
this story comes from "the fake tangery" in anecdotes of this world by liu yiqing of the southern dynasties period (4 0-589). from this story, people have derived the set phrase "quenching thirst by watching plums" to refer to trying to comfort oneself of others by idle dreams.
望梅止渴的相關成語
心狠手辣、雞胸龜背、大喊大吼、挨山塞海、嫌長道短、長此以往、良辰吉日、狂風暴雨、羞惱成怒